Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
Volume 12, Issue 1 , Pages 64-70 , February 2007

Special circumstances: Trophic feeds, necrotizing enterocolitis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia

References 

  1. Heird WC, Schwarz SM, Hansen IH. Colostrum-induced enteric mucosal growth in beagle puppies. Pediatr Res. 1984;18:512–515
  2. Berseth CL, Nordyke C. Enteral nutrients promote postnatal maturation of intestinal motor activity in preterm infants. Am J Physiol. 1993;264:G1046–G1051
  3. Lucas A, Bloom S, Aynsley-Green A. The development of gut hormone response to feeding in neonates. Arch Dis Child. 1980;55:678–682
  4. Klagsbrun M. Human milk stimulates DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation in cultured fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1978;7511:5057–5061
  5. Thureen PJ, Hay WW. Early aggressive nutrition in preterm infants. Semin Neonatol. 2001;6:403–415
  6. Tyson JE, Kennedy KA. Trophic feedings for the parenterally fed infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(3):CD000504
  7. Kennedy KA, Tyson JE. Early versus delayed initiation of progressive enteral feedings for parenterally fed low birth weight or preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(1):CD001970
  8. Kennedy KA, Tyson JE, Chamnanvanakij S. Rapid versus slow rate of advancement of feedings for promoting growth and preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in parenterally fed low-birth-weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001241
  9. Uauy RD, Fanaroff AA, Korones SB, Phillips EA, Phillips JB, Wright LL. Necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants: biodemographic and clinical correlates. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. J Pediatr. 1991;119:630–638
  10. Lee JS, Polin RA. Treatment and prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis. Semin Neonatol. 2003;8:449–459
  11. Sondheimer J. Neonatal short bowel syndrome. In:  Thureen PJ,  Hay WW editor. Neonatal nutrition and metabolism. 2nd ed.. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2006;p. 492–507
  12. Hughes C, Dowling R. Speed of onset of adaptive mucosal hypoplasia and hypofunction in the intestine of parenterally fed rats. Clin Sci. 1980;59:317–327
  13. Lipman TO. Bacterial translocation and enteral nutrition in humans: an outsider looks in. J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1995;19:156–165
  14. Burrin DG. Parenteral nutrition results in impaired lactose digestion and hexose absorption when enteral feeding is initiated in infant pigs. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78:461–470
  15. Eibl MM, Wolf HM, Furnkranz H, Rosenkranz A. Prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in low-birth-weight infants by IgA–IgG feeding. N Engl J Med. 1988;319:1–7
  16. Foster J, Cole M. Oral immunoglobulin for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth-weight neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(1):CD001816
  17. Caplan MS, Russell T, Xiao Y, Amer M, Kaup S, Jilling T. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation on intestinal inflammation and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a neonatal rat model. Pediatr Res. 2001;49:647–652
  18. Caplan MS, Jilling T. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in intestinal inflammation and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Lipids. 2001;36:1053–1057
  19. Carlson SE, Montalto MB, Ponder DL, Werkman SH, Korones SB. Lower incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in infants fed a preterm formula with egg phospholipids. Pediatr Res. 1998;44:491–498
  20. Amin HJ, Amora SA, McMillan DD, Fisk GH, Butzner JD, Parsons HG, et al. Arginine supplementation prevents necrotizing enterocolitis in the premature infant. J Pediatr. 2002;140:425–431
  21. Juul SE, Joyce AE, Zhao Y, Ledbetter DJ. Why is erythropoietin present in human milk? Studies of erythropoietin receptors on enterocytes of human and rat neonates. Pediatr Res. 1999;46:263–268
  22. Ledbetter DJ, Juul SE. Erythropoietin and the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in infants with very low birth weight. J Pediatr Surg. 2000;35:178–181
  23. Borriello SP, Hammes WP, Holzapfel W, Marteau P, Schrezenmier J, Vaara M, et al. Safety of Probiotics that contain lactobacilli or bifidobacteria. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;36:775–780
  24. Hammerman C, Kaplan M. Probiotics and neonatal intestinal infection. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2006;19:277–282
  25. McGuire W, Anthony MY. Donor human milk versus formula for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: systematic review. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003;88:F11–F14
  26. Field CJ. The immunological components of human milk and their effect on immune development on infants. J Nutr. 2005;135:1–4
  27. Crowley P, Chalmers I, Keirse MJ. The effects of corticosteroid administration before preterm delivery: an overview of the evidence from controlled trials. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990;97:11–25
  28. Shulman RJ, Schanler RJ, Lau C, Heitkemper M, Ou CN, Smith EO. Early feeding, antenatal glucocorticoids, and human milk decrease intestinal permeability in preterm infants. Pediatr Res. 1998;44:519–523
  29. Bury RG, Tudehope D. Enteral antibiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in low birthweight or preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(1):CD000405
  30. Bell EF, Acarregui MJ. Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(3):CD000503
  31. Coalson JJ. Pathology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Semin Perinatol. 2006;4:179–184
  32. Goswami T, Vu M, Srivastava U. Quantitative changes in the DNA, RNA and protein content of various organs of the young of undernourished female rats. J Nutr. 1974;104:1257–1264
  33. Winick M, Noble A. Cellular response in rats during malnutrition at various ages. J Nutr. 1966;89:300–306
  34. Gross I, Ilic I, Wilson CM, Rooney CA. The influence of postnatal nutritional deprivation on the phospholipid content of developing rat lung. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976;441:412–422
  35. Klein CJ. Nutrient requirements for preterm infant formulas. J Nutr. 2002;132:1395S–1577S
  36. Sullivan JL. Iron, plasma antioxidants, and the ‘oxygen radical disease of prematurity’. Am J Dis Child. 1988;142:1341–1344
  37. Howlett A, Ohlsson A. Inositol for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(4):CD000366
  38. Darlow BA, Graham PJ. Vitamin A supplementation for preventing morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(2):CD000501
  39. Lai N, Rajadurai S, Tan K. Increased energy intake for preterm infants with (or developing) bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(3):CD005093
  40. Atkinson SA. Nutrition for premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In:  Thureen PJ,  Hay WW editor. Neonatal nutrition and metabolism. 2nd ed.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2006;p. 522–532
  41. Chessex P, Belanger S, Piedboeuf B, Pineault M. Influence of energy substrates on respiratory gas exchange during conventional mechanical ventilation of preterm infants. J Pediatr. 1995;126:619–624
  42. Sauer P, Van Aerde J, Pencharz P, Smith JM, Swyer PR. Glucose oxidation rates in newborn infants measured with indirect calorimetry and U-13 C-glucose. Clin Sci. 1986;70:587–590
  43. Jones MO, Pierro A, Hammond P, Nunn A, Lloyd DA. Glucose utilization in the surgical newborn infant receiving total parenteral nutrition. J Pediatr Surg. 1993;9:1121–1125
  44. Van Aerde JEE, Narvey M. Acute respiratory failure. In:  Thureen PJ,  Hay WW editor. Neonatal nutrition and metabolism. 2nd ed.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2006;p. 508–521
  45. Piedboeuf B, Chessex P, Hazan J, Pineault M, Lavoie JC. Total parenteral nutrition in the newborn infant: energy substrates and respiratory gas exchange. J Pediatr. 1991;118:97–102
  46. Cooke R, Embleton N, Rigo J, Carrie A, Haschke F, Ziegler E. High protein pre-term infant formula: effect on nutrient balance, metabolic status and growth. Pediatr Res. 2006;59:265–270
  47. Premji SS, Fenton TR, Sauve RS. Higher versus lower protein intake in formula-fed low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(1):CD003959
  48. Simmer K, Rao SC. Early introduction of lipids to parenterally fed preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD005256
  49. Henderson G, Fahey T, McGuire W. Calorie and protein-enriched formula versus standard term formula for improving growth and development in preterm or low birth weight infants following hospital discharge. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(2):CD004696
  50. Aggett PJ, Agostoni C, Axelsson I, DeCurtis M, Goulet O, Hernell O, et al. ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition: feeding preterm infants after hospital discharge. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006;42:596–603
  51. Alexander GR, Himes JH, Kaufman RB, Mor J, Kogan M. A United States national reference for fetal growth. Obstet Gynecol. 1996;87:163–168
  52. Ziegler EE, Thureen PJ, Carlson SJ. Clinics in Perinat. 2002;29:224–244

PII: S1744-165X(06)00108-9

doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2006.11.002

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
Volume 12, Issue 1 , Pages 64-70 , February 2007

Article Tools