Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
Volume 15, Issue 6 , Pages 313-318, December 2010

Genetics and developmental pathology of twinning

  • Martin A. Weber

      Affiliations

    • Department of Paediatric Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
    • ,
  • Neil J. Sebire

      Affiliations

    • Department of Paediatric Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
    • Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Address: Department of Paediatric Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London WC1N 3JH, UK. Tel.: +44 (0)20 7829 8663; fax: +44 (0)20 7829 7875.

published online 21 July 2010.

Summary 

Twin pregnancy is associated with a high risk of congenital malformations. This review covers the risk of such anomalies in both dizygotic and monozygotic twin pregnancies, and discusses current insights into the associations relating to zygosity, chorionicity and genetic factors. The pathological basis of specific malformations unique to the monochorionic twinning process, including conjoined twinning and twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence, is discussed in more detail, and factors contributing to the higher perinatal mortality rate in multiple pregnancies are addressed.

Keywords: Congenital malformations, Conjoined twins, Perinatal mortality, TRAP sequence, Twin pregnancy

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PII: S1744-165X(10)00046-6

doi:10.1016/j.siny.2010.06.002

Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine
Volume 15, Issue 6 , Pages 313-318, December 2010

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